{"id":5663,"date":"2022-06-30T23:58:26","date_gmt":"2022-06-30T21:58:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/?p=5663"},"modified":"2022-06-30T23:58:26","modified_gmt":"2022-06-30T21:58:26","slug":"spooks-establishment-media","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/2022-06-30\/spooks-establishment-media\/","title":{"rendered":"How spooks and the establishment media are circling the wagons"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><i>The second of this two-part series examines why so many journalists are keen to cooperate with \u2013 and parrot the key messages of \u2013 the intelligence agencies<\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mint Press &#8211; 29 July 2022<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Earlier this month, Russia <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/media\/2022\/jun\/14\/russia-bans-29-uk-journalists-including-guardian-correspondents\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">banned<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 29 British journalists, including several from the BBC and t<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, on the grounds that they were \u201cassociated with the defense complex\u201d. That claim was not, at least in all cases, quite as preposterous as was widely assumed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mintpressnews.com\/watchdog-journalists-carol-cadwalladr-paul-mason-security-state\/281146\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">part one<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of this two-part series, we saw how the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019s Luke Harding \u2013 one of the journalists banned by Russia \u2013 has promoted entirely unsubstantiated smear stories that have hewn closely to the agenda of Western intelligence services. Harding even wrote a prominent Russiagate book and could not defend its basic claims when <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=9Ikf1uZli4g\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">challenged<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by independent journalist Aaron Mat\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although Russia\u2019s ban provoked a predictable, self-righteous backlash from the UK media \u2013 and was adduced as further evidence of Russian president Vladimir Putin\u2019s authoritarian tendencies \u2013 Moscow was, in fact, mirroring earlier bans by the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ofcom.org.uk\/news-centre\/2022\/ofcom-revokes-rt-broadcast-licence\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">British authorities<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/press\/press-releases\/2022\/03\/02\/eu-imposes-sanctions-on-state-owned-outlets-rt-russia-today-and-sputnik-s-broadcasting-in-the-eu\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">European Union<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on Russian state-sponsored media. None of the British journalists now barred from Russia raised their voices in protest at the banning of the English-language broadcasts and the websites of RT and Sputnik.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In popular imagination, cultivated jointly by Western establishment media and Western intelligence agencies, both outlets are staffed by Russian spooks strong-arming a few impressionable Westerners with Stalinist tendencies. The reality is very different. RT wants to have influence in the West, and the only way to achieve that is by recruiting credible Western journalists who have trenchant criticisms of the Western national-security state and its war industries but cannot \u2013 for that very reason \u2013 find a platform in the establishment media at home. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">RT might not be the best place to get a neutral view of what Russia is up to, but it had attracted a growing audience in the West by providing an outlet for disillusioned Western journalists who are ready to paint a realistic picture of the failings of their own states.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of RT\u2019s journalists, for example, was Chris Hedges, a former foreign correspondent for <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The New York Times<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. He has had a long and distinguished journalistic career and won major journalism awards. Nonetheless, six years of his Emmy-nominated On Contact programme for RT America \u2013 interviewing major public figures \u2013 was <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=V1LU-nV11dg\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">erased<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from Youtube\u2019s channel overnight.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mintpressnews.com\/watchdog-journalists-carol-cadwalladr-paul-mason-security-state\/281146\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">part one<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, we considered the cases of two celebrated British journalists, Paul Mason and Carole Cadwalladr, who were revealed to be covertly colluding with Western intelligence services. Not only that, but they had used those contacts to try to harm other journalists who have been taking on the British and US security states. They had been effectively recruited \u2013 or in Mason\u2019s case, possibly recruited himself \u2013 to a covert, and dirty, information war. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The paradox is that, while Cadwalladr and Mason have been accusing \u2013 without evidence \u2013 journalists in the West of colluding with foreign intelligence agencies, they themselves have been colluding with their own intelligence services to smear other reporters. If Russian intelligence needs a troll farm to spread disinformation, Western intelligence can rely, it seems, on compliant celebrity journalists in British mainstream outlets to do the same work.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">My latest: The cases of Paul Mason and Carol Cadwalladr reveal how readily celebrated media figures are recruited to the intelligence services\u2019 covert information war against other journalists  <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/XkyTnSyjfB\">https:\/\/t.co\/XkyTnSyjfB<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Jonathan Cook (@Jonathan_K_Cook) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/Jonathan_K_Cook\/status\/1539285058728734721?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 21, 2022<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<h3><b>Circling the wagons<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neither Cadwalladr nor Mason is likely to pay a price for their actions. In fact, they can expect to be rewarded \u2013 a sign that this kind of covert collusion is desired by establishment media, not least liberal outlets like the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that try to create the misleading impression that they are somehow oppositional to the security state.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That should come as no surprise \u2013 and not just because these types of collusion work to the joint benefit of the establishment media and the intelligence services. The media outlet gets an exclusive \u2013 often one rooted in a smear operation by the state, as with Cadwalladr\u2019s story of Farage meeting Wikileaks founder Julian Assange (documented in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mintpressnews.com\/watchdog-journalists-carol-cadwalladr-paul-mason-security-state\/281146\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">part one<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) \u2013 which they do not need to stand up beyond the simple attribution to a \u201cwell-placed\u201d, anonymous \u201csource\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Meanwhile, the intelligence services set the news agenda, including with smears that target those trying to hold them to account, but cannot be scrutinized over such claims because they can shield behind anonymity. In such cases, the so-called Fourth Estate serves as simply a stenographer for the state. It amplifies the state\u2019s self-serving allegations but adds a veneer of legitimacy through its own supposed verification via publication.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The media\u2019s collusion, however, is not just servile. With the advent of the internet and social media, the establishment press and the intelligence services have found their interests more in tune than ever before. Independent media of the kind that seeks to hold state power to account \u2013 such as, for example, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MintPress News<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Grayzone<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, about which Mason was so keen to spread disinformation (again, documented in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mintpressnews.com\/watchdog-journalists-carol-cadwalladr-paul-mason-security-state\/281146\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">part one<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) \u2013 or foreign channels like RT that give a platform to independent Western journalists, are treated as a threat by both the intelligence services <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the establishment media.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But whereas foreign channels like RT can be easily vilified because of their ties to \u201cenemy\u201d states, and shut down on those grounds alone, it is more difficult to make the case for censoring independent media. It requires first a concerted campaign of Western disinformation and smears to undermine independent journalism \u2013 as we shall examine later in this article.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The powerful see such smear campaigns as vitally important. Because it is free to report stories of state crimes the establishment media mostly avoids, independent media exposes the establishment media for what it really is: the public relations arm of the state. It shows the extent to which serious, critical journalism is absent from the mainstream. And as a rival source of news, independent media leaves readers more aware of what the establishment media is <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">choosing <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">not to cover \u2013 and hints at why.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Paradoxically, the more effective independent media has become, the more the establishment media has circled the wagons to protect itself from this upstart media, labeling its competitors\u2019 coverage \u201cfake news\u201d and \u201cRussian disinformation\u201d. Meanwhile, the new establishment media monopolies emerging from the digital revolution \u2013 Silicon Valley platforms like Facebook\/Meta, Google\/Youtube and Twitter \u2013 have gradually joined this assault, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/caitlinjohnstone.substack.com\/p\/censorship-by-algorithm-does-far\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">changing<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> their algorithms to make it ever harder for people to read independent media.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Recruited to spy<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the suggestion of widespread collusion with the intelligence services by our most celebrated journalists and the establishment outlets they work for sounds improbable, consider this:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jon Snow, who gained national-treasure status in the UK after serving as Channel 4 News\u2019 front man for many years, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/cus.org\/node\/834\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">revealed<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 2015 that the British intelligence services had tried to recruit him 40 years earlier, when he was an up-and-coming broadcast journalist. He was asked to spy on \u201cleft-wing\u201d television colleagues, in return for a secret, tax-free salary that would match what he was already being paid by his employer.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most journalists are not likely to talk of such approaches, either because they have accepted them or because disclosure might harm their careers. Snow left it until very late in his own career before mentioning the incident. But there is no reason to imagine such approaches do not continue to be made on a regular basis.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I have never written of it before \u2013 it seemed too self-aggrandising, and until now not particularly pertinent to any piece I was writing \u2013 but a decade or so ago I was quietly \u201csounded out\u201d by a British diplomat. He wanted to see if I would supply the Foreign Office with off-the-record information on my specialist subject: the Palestinan minority in Israel. I refused, and the official dropped contact.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Given that I am a left-wing, freelance journalist far from the center of power, I was left wondering how common it is for better-placed, more mainstream journalists, ones who mix regularly with British officials, to be on the receiving end of such offers. Presumably an initial, low-key approach like the one made to me is intended to see how amenable a journalist might be to becoming more involved with the intelligence services. Mutual trust is gradually built.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>On the CIA payroll<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Back in 1977, Carl Bernstein, who was, alongside Bob Woodward, one of the world\u2019s most famous journalists thanks to their reporting of the Watergate scandal, turned his attention to the extent of collusion between the US media and the CIA.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His engagement with this contentious subject likely damaged his career \u2013 at least compared to Woodward, who spent his later years continuing to make a name for himself hanging around the Oval Office relaying <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/us-news\/2020\/jan\/13\/watergate-reporter-bob-woodward-trump-book-fear\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">insider gossip<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bernstein\u2019s interest in the relationship between the intelligence services and journalists probably derived from his own Watergate experiences. Ultimately, he and Woodward got their scoop \u2013 later turned into a book, then a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.imdb.com\/title\/tt0074119\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">film<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> called \u201cAll the President\u2019s Men\u201d \u2013 not only through hard graft but because they were used as pawns in a high-level power battle.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As would become public knowledge in 2005, Deep Throat, the insider who gave them the leads they needed to bring down President Richard Nixon, was <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vanityfair.com\/news\/politics\/2005\/07\/deepthroat200507\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mark Felt<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, then the FBI\u2019s associate director and a loyalist of longtime FBI director J. Edgar Hoover. Felt had a score to settle with Nixon after he was passed over for the top job at the bureau when Hoover died.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Woodward knew Felt from his navy days, and had cultivated a relationship with his man in the FBI long before Watergate. Those long-term ties had presumably assisted them both: Felt because he could release stories that helped the bureau secretly shape the public narrative, and Woodward because he had access to information that gave him an edge over rival journalists.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bernstein\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.carlbernstein.com\/the-cia-and-the-media-rolling-stone-10-20-1977\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mammoth investigation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 1977 for <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rolling Stone<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0magazine exposed the collusion between the CIA and journalists \u2013 collusion that had parallels with that between Felt and Woodward. Bernstein found evidence in the agency\u2019s files that at least 400 US journalists had \u201csecretly carried out assignments for the Central Intelligence Agency\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bernstein observed:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reporters shared their notebooks with the CIA. Editors shared their staffs. Some of the journalists were Pulitzer Prize winners, distinguished reporters who considered themselves ambassadors without\u2011portfolio for their country. Most were less exalted: foreign correspondents who found that their association with the Agency helped their work; stringers and freelancers who were as interested in the derring\u2011do of the spy business as in filing articles; and, the smallest category, full\u2011time CIA employees masquerading as journalists abroad.<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CIA documents also showed, as Bernstein reported, that \u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">journalists were engaged to perform tasks for the CIA with the consent of the managements of America\u2019s leading news organizations.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The agency particularly valued its relationship with more liberal US outlets like <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The New York Times<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time magazine<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CBS News<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, who were seen as more credible as vehicles for its information war. The CIA-recruited journalists signed secrecy agreements, pledging never to divulge their relationship to the agency. But in fact, as Bernstein makes clear, the existence of these CIA-journalists was an open secret in most newsrooms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bernstein suggests it was easy for the CIA to recruit journalists to carry out its covert work, and get editors to cooperate or turn a blind eye, because of the paranoid political climate produced by the Cold War. Journalists did not feel they were taking a side; they were supposedly involved in an existential fight to defend the right of people to live in freedom.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One has to wonder how much has changed in a world where the aggressively promoted threats of Islamist extremism, Russian \u201cimperialism\u201d and a more nebulous \u201cclash of civilizations\u201d obsess the West\u2019s political class. Journalists are as susceptible to those fears as their predecessors were to the Cold War, and doubtless as easily manipulated.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>In the shadows<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Investigative journalist Nick Davies dedicated a chapter of his 2009 book \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/docs\/media-rules-production.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Flat Earth News<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d \u2013 on journalistic failure \u2013 to assessing how deeply the Western intelligence services had penetrated the media, at home and abroad. Ultimately, Davies concedes, it is almost impossible to know, given that such collusion necessarily happens in the shadows.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Back in the mid-1970s, around the same time as Bernstein\u2019s work, two Congressional committees \u2013 led by Senator Frank Church and House Representative Otis Pike \u2013 had set out to investigate the matter. This was the period, we should note, when Snow was being incentivised to spy on colleagues in the UK.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As Bernstein points out, the Church Committee mostly covered up what it found; refused to question any of the journalists involved; accepted highly redacted, or \u201csanitized\u201d, documents; and was heavily swayed by senior figures from the CIA, such as William Colby and George H W Bush. The Pike Committee fared little better, and publication of its findings were suppressed in the US.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both Congressional investigations had been triggered by concerns, post-Watergate, about the dangers of presidential abuse of the CIA\u2019s powers and the need for greater Congressional oversight.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Under this pressure, the CIA promised to wind down its activities and banned direct payments to journalists. But the powerlessness of Congress to truly get to grips with what the CIA was up to suggests that the agency likely refashioned the program in new ways.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In any case, the agency\u2019s ability to control media coverage probably grew easier over time with the concentration of media ownership. The handful of giant corporations that now control almost all mainstream media in the US share most of the security establishment\u2019s concerns, just as ordinary journalists did during the Cold War. <\/span><\/p>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-5664\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/media_consolidation.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"520\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/media_consolidation.jpg 520w, https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/media_consolidation-300x224.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/>\n<h3><b>A paper in every capital<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nonetheless, in his book, Davies pieced together what he could from the available documents. They showed that in the post-war period the CIA had employed at least 800 covert journalist \u201cassets\u201d \u2013 reporters, editors, media owners \u2013 around the world, pumping out its disinformation. The figures included only those on the agency\u2019s payroll, not those who cooperated with it, shared its aims, or were influenced by its briefings.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These journalists were likely operating as part of a wider CIA covert information war known as \u201cOperation Mockingbird\u201d. The aim was to conceal the agency\u2019s covert or illegal foreign operations, such as its overthrow of democratic governments in Iran in 1953 and Guatemala in 1954, and control the media\u2019s coverage of foreign policy fiascos such as the failed US-directed invasion of Cuba\u2019s Bay of Pigs in 1961.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To achieve these deceptions, as one CIA official <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1977\/12\/26\/archives\/worldwide-propaganda-network-built-by-the-cia-a-worldwide-network.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">admitted<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New York Times<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the agency had investments in a large number of newspapers and TV stations around the world, and even covertly set up its own media outlets. \u201cWe had at least one newspaper in every foreign capital at any given time,\u201d he said.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Operating outlets abroad meant the CIA could manipulate more convincingly the domestic news agenda. Once it had placed a false or skewed local story in an outlet it secretly owned \u2013 such as the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">okyo Evening News<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or Chile\u2019s <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">South Pacific Mail<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 news agencies like <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reuters<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Associated Press<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, as well as major US TV stations and newspapers, could be relied on to pick it up and spread the CIA\u2019s disinformation around the world. The agency could quickly turn the world\u2019s media into its own echo chamber on any major topic. Thus, just as mockingbirds mimic the songs of other birds, so the media came to repeat CIA talking points.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1983 John Stockwell, a former head of the CIA\u2019s Angola task force, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=NK1tfkESPVY\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">explained<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on camera the ease with which the CIA channeled its propaganda through witting and unwitting journalists. \u201cI had propagandists all over the world,\u201d he observed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Referring to his involvement in a disinformation campaign against Cuba, he said:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We pumped dozens of stories about Cuban atrocities, Cuban rapists [to the media]\u2026 We ran [faked] photographs that made almost every newspaper in the country\u2026 We didn\u2019t know of one single atrocity committed by the Cubans. It was pure, raw, false propaganda to create an illusion of Communists eating babies for breakfast.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NK1tfkESPVY\" width=\"520\" height=\"300\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Stockwell, the CIA secretly sponsored the publication of thousands of propaganda books promoting its preferred angles on Vietnam, communism and US foreign policy. Some of the authors, noted Stockwell, \u201care now distinguished scholars and journalists\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Pike Committee estimated conservatively from the limited documents it gained access to that almost a third of the CIA\u2019s budget was spent on propaganda operations. It noted that the figure might be much higher. Even so, the sum was more than the combined budgets of the world\u2019s three largest news agencies: <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Associated Press<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UPI<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reuters<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The CIA and its British counterpart, MI6, could boast numerous agents in the foreign bureaux of all three international news agencies. The CIA even created its own news agency, sending stories to 140 newspapers around the globe.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">CIA agents were also found to have been working in the most prestigious US media outlets. The <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New York Times<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> employed at least 10 of them. At various times, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Newsweek<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019s editor, foreign editor, Washington bureau chief and a host of reporters were on the CIA\u2019s books. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Time<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> magazine, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reader\u2019s Digest <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Christian Science Monitor<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> all cooperated closely with the agency. American television networks routinely allowed the CIA to monitor their newsrooms.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Davies cites a report in the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from 1991 that the CIA was found to have made payments to 90 British journalists. MI6 presumably had a separate, and at least as large, cadre of senior UK journalists on the payroll.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During that period, Britain ran its own propaganda unit, the Information Research Department (IRD), which cultivated journalists in similar ways to the CIA. Its <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/declassifieduk.org\/revealed-australias-secret-propaganda-unit\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">task<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, according to <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Declassified UK<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, was \u201cto discredit human rights figures, undermine political opponents overseas, help overthrow governments, and promote UK influence and commercial interests around the world.\u201d The British government also used the IRD to damage anyone perceived to be a domestic opponent.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Earlier this month, Declassified <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/declassifieduk.org\/revealed-australias-secret-propaganda-unit\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">revealed<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that Canberra set up its own unit modeled on Britain\u2019s IRD in 1971 and recruited senior Australian journalists.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Credulous reporting<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It would be foolish to imagine that, in this more complex information age, the US and UK intelligence services\u2019 influence over journalists has diminished. Both Cadwalladr and Mason\u2019s cases illustrate how intimate those ties still are.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New York Times<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2005\/11\/10\/business\/media\/times-reporter-agrees-to-leave-the-paper.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">let go<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d one of its star reporters, Judith Miller, in 2005. Her reports of the threat posed by Saddam Hussein\u2019s weapons of mass destruction \u2013 coverage that was critical to rationalizing the 2003 invasion of Iraq in violation of international law \u2013 were utterly discredited by later developments. There were no WMDs in Iraq. Western inspectors had consistently said this, but their voices were drowned out by pro-war media. Miller, who it was found had special Pentagon security clearance, had been fed stories by US intelligence agencies. She had acted as an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rollingstone.com\/politics\/politics-news\/judith-millers-comeback-62957\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">uncritical conduit<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> for CIA disinformation that was then repeated by other major outlets.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She was far from alone in channeling fake news from intelligence agencies in the lead-up to the Iraq invasion. The <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New York Times<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> apologized for its mistakes, promising it would learn from the episode. But it has been just as credulous in regurgitating the intelligence services\u2019 claims in recent US proxy wars and regime change attempts \u2013 in Libya, Syria, Yemen, Iran, Venezuela and elsewhere. Miller was not sacked because she served as a willing channel for Western disinformation. Rather, real-world events required the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New York Times<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to make someone a sacrificial victim for its all-too-obvious failings over Iraq. She was the ideal scapegoat.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Institutional collusion with the intelligence services has become all too evident too at the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> newspaper, the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New York Times<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019 UK counterpart. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Declassified UK<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0has documented how the the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has been increasingly <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/declassifieduk.org\/how-the-uk-security-services-neutralised-the-countrys-leading-liberal-newspaper\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">coopted<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by the British intelligence services after its publication in 2013 of the Edward Snowden leaks. Among other things, those leaks revealed that the US and UK were operating secret and illegal mass surveillance programmes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At that time, the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, unlike other British media outlets, had a well-publicized opposition to taking part in the supposedly voluntary D-notice system, run by the Ministry of Defense, to regulate information that might threaten national security. After the initial Snowden revelations from the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the D-Notice Committee issued a notice against further publication of information released by Snowden. Most British outlets either ignored the leaks or provided minimal coverage. The <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, however, defied the government\u2019s advice.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Shortly afterwards, officials from GCHQ, Britain\u2019s equivalent of the National Security Agency, arrived at the paper and ordered it to destroy the laptops containing the Snowden material. The paper complied, with deputy editor Paul Johnson overseeing the destruction. Soon, the D-Notice Committee was able to report that \u201cengagement\u201d with the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was strengthening and there was \u201cregular dialogue\u201d with its staff. The \u201cculmination\u201d, as the committee referred to it, was Paul Johnson\u2019s agreement to sit on the committee itself.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When in 2015 the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> appointed a new editor, Katharine Viner, whose background was in fashion journalism, the security services appeared to seize the chance to lure the newspaper into greater cooperation.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A year later the paper was <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/uk-news\/2016\/oct\/31\/andrew-parker-increasingly-aggressive-russia-a-growing-threat-to-uk-says-mi5-head\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">boasting<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the \u201cfirst newspaper interview given by an incumbent MI5 chief in the service\u2019s 107-year history\u201d. MI5 is Britain\u2019s domestic intelligence service. The article was co-written by Johnson and headlined on Russia \u2013 what else \u2013 as a \u201cgrowing threat\u201d to the UK. The <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> would follow up with exclusive interviews with the heads of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/uk-news\/2017\/mar\/02\/mi6-returns-to-tapping-up-recruit-black-asian-officers-alex-younger-interview\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MI6<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Britain\u2019s equivalent of the CIA, and the UK\u2019s most <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/uk-news\/2019\/aug\/06\/counter-terrorism-chief-calls-for-greater-social-inclusion\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">senior counter-terrorism officer<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. All were softball interviews in which the British security state was allowed to set the agenda.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Under Viner, a host of investigative journalists with experience of covering national security issues departed. A former <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> journalist <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/declassifieduk.org\/how-the-uk-security-services-neutralised-the-countrys-leading-liberal-newspaper\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">told<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Declassified UK<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Effective scrutiny of the security and intelligence agencies \u2013 epitomized by the Snowden scoops but also many other stories \u2013 appears to have been abandoned\u2026 [It] sometimes seems the Guardian is worried about upsetting the spooks.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instead, the paper has focused on targeting those who are in the crosshairs of the intelligence services \u2013 most obviously <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/2020-09-22\/guardian-silent-assange-trial\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Julian Assange<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, whose publication of leaked official documents in 2010 exposed US and UK war crimes in Iraq and Afghanistan. In recent years, as Washington has sought Assange\u2019s extradition so it can lock him out of sight for up to 175 years, the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> has run a series of barely credible stories that appear to have been supplied to it by the intelligence services and clearly serve its interests. Those hit-pieces include articles written by Carole Cadwalladr and Luke Harding, as discussed in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mintpressnews.com\/watchdog-journalists-carol-cadwalladr-paul-mason-security-state\/281146\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">part one<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Declassified UK<\/span>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/declassifieduk.org\/how-the-uk-security-services-neutralised-the-countrys-leading-liberal-newspaper\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">noted<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was also key to injecting credibility into a relentless media campaign to smear the then left-wing leader of Britain\u2019s Labour party, Jeremy Corbyn. He was variously portrayed as a national security threat, a traitor and an antisemite. Again, the fingerprints of the security services were all over these stories. They had begun with an anonymous army general, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thetimes.co.uk\/article\/corbyn-hit-by-mutiny-on-airstrikes-wgrvzpt30ld\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">interviewed<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Sunday Times<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, warning that the military \u201cwould use whatever means possible, fair or foul, to prevent\u201d Corbyn becoming prime minister. The <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019s uncritical echoing of evidence-free claims of an antisemitism problem in Labour under Corbyn was particularly damaging because so many of the paper\u2019s readers were traditional Labour voters.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Disappearing neo-Nazis<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The intelligence services\u2019 cultivation of ties with journalists in an increasingly digital, more defused media environment is likely to be as covert as ever. But there are occasional, brief glimpses of what they may be up to.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As mentioned in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mintpressnews.com\/watchdog-journalists-carol-cadwalladr-paul-mason-security-state\/281146\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">part one<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, it emerged in 2018 that national clusters of journalists, along with academics and politicians, were working with the opaque Integrity Initiative, a covert operation supposedly against \u201cRussian disinformation\u201d supported by the British Foreign Office and Defense Ministry. The Initiative\u2019s registered address in Scotland turned out to be an abandoned, semi-derelict mill. Its real offices were eventually <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thegrayzone.com\/2018\/12\/17\/inside-the-temple-of-covert-propaganda-the-integrity-initiative-and-the-uks-scandalous-information-war\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tracked down<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to a plush part of central London.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Integrity Initiative\u2019s British cluster included some well-known names in British journalism. Its real aim was \u2013 once again \u2013 to paint independent media and left-wing politicians critical of Western wars as in the pocket of Russia and Vladimir Putin. The Initiative was also found to have been involved in efforts to bring down Corbyn.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The media\u2019s memory-holing of the Snowden revelations and its silence on Assange\u2019s persecution \u2013 despite the very obvious threat posed to a free press \u2013 are themselves an indication of the degree to which the establishment media share the aims of the security state and are complicit in its narrative manipulations.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coverage of the West\u2019s recent proxy wars have provided further clues as to the extent of that collusion. It has been hard to ignore the establishment media\u2019s uncritical promotion of narratives in Syria and Ukraine that look suspiciously like they were crafted by Western intelligence agencies. That has involved some stunning about-turns in their coverage that should set alarm bells ringing with observers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Ukraine, that has been evident in the media\u2019s frantic efforts to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/jacobin.com\/2022\/04\/ukraine-russia-putin-azov-neo-nazis-western-media\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">obscure<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> its own recent concerns about neo-Nazi groups like the Azov Brigade being integrated into the Ukrainian military, and portray any attempt to remind us of that earlier coverage as Russian disinformation.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-5665\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/ukraine-nazis-copy.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"520\" height=\"638\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/ukraine-nazis-copy.jpeg 520w, https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/ukraine-nazis-copy-245x300.jpeg 245w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Those maneuvers echo similarly desperate moves by the establishment media to obscure the fact that groups allied to al-Qaeda and Islamic State ended up comprising the bulk of the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/consortiumnews.com\/2013\/09\/26\/syrian-rebels-embrace-al-qaeda\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201crebel\u201d forces<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in Syria. Only a short time earlier, both had been regarded as the West\u2019s most fearsome foes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Russia was revived as the West\u2019s number one enemy about the time the media \u2013 and the intelligence services \u2013 found themselves unable to continue fearmongering about Islamist extremists because those groups needed to be transformed into our allies in Syria.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In both conflicts, it has been hard not to notice too how easily the establishment media has been swayed not by facts on the ground but by what look more like branding exercises guided by Western marketing firms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ukraine\u2019s president, Volodomyr Zelensky, reportedly took time out of his schedule last week to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2022\/jun\/24\/why-the-west-risks-condemning-ukraine-to-slow-strangulation\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">brainstorm<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with \u201cmarketing professionals\u201d at Cannes about how to use \u201ccreative ingenuity\u201d to keep the war in the spotlight, after earlier <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2022\/05\/18\/entertainment\/cannes-volodymyr-zelensky\/index.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">opening<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the film festival. Last week too, he made an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/music\/2022\/jun\/24\/volodymyr-zelenskiy-urges-glastonbury-crowd-help-end-war-ukraine\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">appearance<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on a giant video screen at the popular Glastonbury music festival in the UK. On each occasion, he has been wearing his now-signature designer wartime outfits.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>White Helmets ringfenced<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Similarly, the White Helmets have received unquestioning adulation from the Western media. A hagiographic documentary on their work was even <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/edition.cnn.com\/2017\/02\/26\/us\/white-helmets-oscar\/index.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">awarded<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> an Oscar. Yet the mysterious emergency rescue outfit appears only to work in areas of Syria controlled by jihadist groups the West has previously opposed for their human rights abuses and mistreatment of women and girls.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Liberal media has gone all-out to ringfence the White Helmets \u2013 and their jihadist allies \u2013 from journalistic and academic scrutiny. Independent journalists brave, or foolish, enough to try to break through this <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">cordon sanitaire<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> have found themselves smeared, and accused of spreading disinformation on Russia\u2019s behalf. Western intelligence agencies have every incentive to malign these critics because the White Helmets are a central pillar upholding claims that Syrian president Bashar al-Assad, assisted by Russia, used chemical weapons against his own people in rebel-held areas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the White Helmets are a credible, neutral humanitarian movement \u2013 a Syrian version of the Red Cross \u2013 then the media might be justified in treating their claims of atrocities by Assad uncritically. But if they are really a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thegrayzone.com\/2016\/10\/02\/white-helmets-us-military-intervention-regime-change-syria\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">partisan rescue service<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> involved in rebranding Islamist extremism to promote the goal of Western-sponsored regime change in Syria, then the media needs to be skeptical and scrutinize their every assertion. The establishment media has adopted the first approach, ignoring any indication that the White Helmets might not be quite what they seem.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That failure has been thrown into especially stark relief by the media\u2019s extraordinary refusal to publicize the testimonies of whistleblowing inspectors at the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW). Those whistleblowers say their findings at one site of an alleged chemical attack, at Douma in 2018, were rewritten by their own management under threats from the US.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The media\u2019s silence is all the more astounding given that <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thegrayzone.com\/2020\/10\/18\/ex-opcw-chief-defends-syria-whistleblowers-and-reveals-he-was-spied-on-before-iraq-war\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jose Bustani<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a former head of the OPCW, and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thegrayzone.com\/2021\/04\/19\/in-un-speech-veteran-diplomat-issues-moving-call-for-action-on-opcws-syria-cover-up\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hans von Sponeck<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the UN\u2019s former chief weapons inspector in Iraq, have found the whistleblowers\u2019 allegations credible and urged that they be investigated.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The story, if confirmed, has the potential to unravel much of the narrative in Syria jointly promoted by the Western intelligence services and the establishment media. Which is why any effort to examine it more closely is being crushed. If Douma was a staged attack rather than one carried out by Assad\u2019s forces, as the whistleblowing inspectors\u2019 evidence suggests, it would implicate the White Helmets in the deception \u2013 and possibly the murder of the civilians alleged to have been gassed in Douma. It would also mean that other chemical attacks assigned to Assad might have been the responsibility of jihadists.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That is why the stakes are so high. It may also explain why there has been an incessant stream of stories in liberal media outlets shoring up the Western narrative by smearing once again as a Russian asset any journalist tackling the subject in a critical manner.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The media\u2019s defamation campaigns have been assisted by various, \u201cexpert\u201d bodies, seemingly cut-outs covertly funded by Western governments, such as Bellingcat, the Institute for Strategic Studies (the parent \u201ccharity\u201d of the Integrity Initiative) and, most recently, the Institute for Strategic Dialogue. These organizations produce smear-laden reports on which the establishment media builds its hollow case against independent media.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This month the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ran the latest of its evidence-free smear pieces designed to silence independent journalists and protect the White Helmets. The article <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/2022\/jun\/19\/russia-backed-network-of-syria-conspiracy-theorists-identified\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">accuses<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> independent journalists of being part of a supposedly Russian-backed disinformation \u201cnetwork\u201d. The piece implicitly discredits the OPCW whistleblowers by ignoring their existence and instead attributing their claims to \u201ca core of 28 conspiracy theorists\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Despite its grand claims, the paper provides no evidence of any collusion between Russia and the named independent journalists, or even between the journalists themselves, that might justify labeling them a network, let alone a Russian-backed one. Nor does the article provide any examples of what disinformation these journalists are supposedly spreading \u2013 apart from their questioning of the actions of Western states.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">In The Guardian, <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/TownsendMark?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@TownsendMark<\/a> calls me &quot;the most prolific spreader of disinformation&quot; on Syria. His source is a study by the ISD think tank. <\/p>\n<p>Mark has failed to:<\/p>\n<p>-contact me<br \/>-offer an example of my alleged &quot;disinformation&quot;<br \/>-disclose that ISD is funded by US, UK &amp; allied states <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/qnmN7npYr9\">pic.twitter.com\/qnmN7npYr9<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Aaron Mat\u00e9 (@aaronjmate) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/aaronjmate\/status\/1538529883537788928?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 19, 2022<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aaron Mat\u00e9, who is named, has been one of the main channels by which the OPCW whistleblowers have been able to make public their concerns about the organization\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thegrayzone.com\/2021\/04\/18\/at-un-aaron-mate-debunks-opcws-syria-lies-and-confronts-us-uk-on-cover-up\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tampering<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with their findings in its final report. And yet the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> makes no mention that Mat\u00e9\u2019s supposed \u201cdisinformation\u201d is actually sourced directly from OPCW inspectors themselves. The <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> article is, in fact, exactly what it accuses independent media of being: pure disinformation (from Western intelligence agencies).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The BBC has been ready with the smears too. It ran an extraordinarily lengthy, though flimsy, podcast series trying to shore up the humanitarian credentials of James Le Mesurier, a former UK military intelligence officer who founded the White Helmets in 2014. Shortly after he had been accused of embezzling donor money, Le Mesurier <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/world-europe-50808180\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fell<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to his death from an apartment in an Istanbul building, in what was judged to be a suicide.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The BBC series, \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/p04sj2pt\/episodes\/downloads\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mayday<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d, however, spent an inordinate amount of time trying to deflect attention from these facts. Instead, it sanitized Le Mesurier and the White Helmets\u2019 reputation, implied independent journalists and academics had tipped Le Mesurier into suicide through their criticisms, and, like the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, sought to discredit the OPCW whistleblowers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MI6 could not have done a better job. When Mat\u00e9 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thegrayzone.com\/2020\/11\/30\/questions-bbc-podcast-opcw-whistleblowers\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">posed<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> a series of questions over the programme\u2019s \u201csmears, gaping omissions, leaps of logic, and factual errors\u201d, Mayday\u2019s producers went to ground.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The BBC journalist who fronted Mayday, Chloe Hadjimatheou, repeated the formula last month for BBC Radio 4 with \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/m0017thr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ukraine: The Disinformation War<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d, covering much the same ground and defaming many of the same targets. Once again, Hadjimatheou has <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/propagandainfocus.com\/whose-disinformation-is-it-anyway-bbc-vs-critical-academics\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">failed<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to respond to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/disinformationchronicle.substack.com\/p\/bbc-disinformation-reporters-flub?s=r\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">criticisms<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Real-world Marvel Universe<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are a whole raft of reasons why journalists working for the establishment media end up parroting the narratives of Western intelligence agencies engaged in an information war against critics that very much include independent media.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It would be na\u00efve in the extreme to imagine that the establishment media severed its well-documented connections with the intelligence services back in the 1970s. Some journalists are doubtless still on the payroll and operating covertly, even if that number is probably small. Most, however, don\u2019t need payment. By temperament and circumstance, they are extremely susceptible to the West\u2019s sophisticated influence campaigns.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The tools at the disposal of Western security services, so ready to accuse Russia of using troll farms, grow all the time. The West has its own troll armies, enthusiastically spreading the work of intelligence cut-outs like Bellingcat and the Institute for Strategic Studies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Last year, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Newsweek<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/exclusive-inside-militarys-secret-undercover-army-1591881\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">revealed<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> an undercover army of at least 60,000 operatives run by the Pentagon that used \u201cmasked identities\u201d to exert influence on the digital world: \u201cThe explosion of Pentagon cyber warfare, moreover, has led to thousands of spies who carry out their day-to-day work in various made-up personas, the very type of nefarious operations the United States decries when Russian and Chinese spies do the same.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are a variety of reasons why journalists working for establishment media outlets so readily follow scripts written for them by Western intelligence agencies. In part, journalists successful in establishment media are products of lengthy selection processes effected through their upbringing, social class and education. Those who reach influential media positions are sympathetic to, and easily swayed by, the kinds of narratives that present Western states as the good guys fighting evil foes and Western crimes as unfortunate mistakes that cannot be compared to the atrocities committed by enemies. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Like the public, Western journalists are socialized to interpret events as though we inhabit a real-world Marvel universe where our side is a mix of Captain America and Iron Man. As Noam Chomsky once <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=pV85306K64w\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">observed<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to the BBC\u2019s Andrew Marr during an interview: \u201cI\u2019m not saying you\u2019re self-censoring. I\u2019m sure you believe everything you\u2019re saying. But what I\u2019m saying is that, if you believed something different, you wouldn\u2019t be sitting where you\u2019re sitting.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/pV85306K64w\" width=\"520\" height=\"300\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In any case, Western journalists work inside large media corporations where they will not survive long unless they submit \u2013 mostly unconsciously \u2013 to the dominant corporate culture. Further proving Chomsky\u2019s point, Marr <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medialens.org\/2021\/that-is-actually-bollocks-20-propaganda-horrors-from-20-years-of-media-lens-part-1\/?fbclid=IwAR0WXwYhUrpd-KYNjkDLn725Lys-ECEtApJdvsxijkZiwlxd1VD7SHdVAVk\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">claimed<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on another occasion that his \u201cOrgans of Opinion were formally removed\u201d when he began working at the BBC. It was an extreme, fundamentalist view that suggested Marr believed he and the BBC \u2013 funded by, and accountable to, the British state \u2013 were able to divine absolute, eternal truths that they then disinterestedly passed on to viewers.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In fact, as the consolidation of corporate America continues, the situation for critically-minded journalists working in the establishment media grows ever worse. Media corporations have diversified their interests in ways that entrench them even more deeply in a neocolonial ideology that seeks both absolute control over global resources and their exploitation, and profits from the war, surveillance and security industries that enforce that control.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is no accident that media corporations produce <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mintpressnews.com\/pentagon-leaned-hollywood-sell-war-afghanistan\/278568\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hollywood fare<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that encourages Western publics to identify with superheroes and reduces the world to black-and-white struggles. Independent journalists trying to question this simple-minded narrative are easily cast as Thanos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On top of that, any journalist trying to look into the darkest corners of Western foreign policy can be herded back into the fold through threats \u2013 if not from their editors, then from the security services, as the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Guardian<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019s Paul Johnson experienced at first hand. The security state has plenty of tricks up its sleeve. Complicit social media can punish independent-minded journalists through its algorithms, starving them of readers. Complicit online financial services like PayPal can punish independent-minded journalists by starving them of income, as recently happened to <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MintPress<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consortium News<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And if all that fails, there is always the example of Julian Assange, whose head has been displayed on a pike in London over the past decade \u2013 as was once the norm in Medieval times for those who angered the king \u2013 initially outside the Ecuadorian embassy and now outside Belmarsh high-security prison.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the circumstances, it is surprising that there are any journalists left who are not simply regurgitating what the intelligence services tell them. The rapid rise of independent media may soon look like a brief, digital aberration in our media landscape \u2013 unless we dig in and fight the security state to keep the spirit of critical journalism alive.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The fact that a UK diplomat tried to recruit me \u2013 a freelance journalist far from the center of power \u2013 as an informant hints at how common it is for mainstream journalists to be approached by the intelligence agencies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":5667,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[17,18,6,9],"class_list":{"0":"post-5663","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-uncategorized","8":"tag-bbc","9":"tag-guardian","10":"tag-media-criticism","11":"tag-security-state"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5663","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5663"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5663\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5670,"href":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5663\/revisions\/5670"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5667"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5663"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5663"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jonathan-cook.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}